Animal Studies of Residual Hematopoietic and Immune System Injury from Low Dose/Low Dose Rate Radiation and Heavy Metals.

Abstract

The interaction of low dose/low dose rate radiation with heavy metals (in this report cadmium and lead) is important for at least two reasons: 1) radiation workers and populations exposed to unusually high background levels of radiation (e.g. Chernobyl and the Techa river in Russia) receive this type of exposure rather than the much befter studied prompt high dose exposure, and 2) radiation accidents frequently involve the release of other contaminants as well. Even at low radiation doses and dose rates, the effects of simultaneous or near simultaneous exposure to cadmium or lead, which are marrow toxicants in their own right, are additive or synergistic to those of radiation. Although there is an adaptive response to low dose rate exposures, recovery of marrow precursor cells after a second exposure may be incomplete. Detection of damage repair changes after low dose exposures is difficult. The authors describe possible mechanisms for the observed delayed or incomplete recovery. They also address the complex pathogenic changes seen when heavy metals are introduced along with the radiation. The implications of their findings in rodent models for human populations are discussed, and the importance and proposed directions of farther work in this field described.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1998
Accession Number
ADA358928

Entities

People

  • A. B. Chukhlovin
  • A. S Yagunov
  • B. V. Afanassiev
  • S. V. Tokalov

Organizations

  • Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Blood
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Dose Rate
  • Health Services
  • Hemorrhage
  • Leukocytes
  • Lymphatic System
  • Lymphocytes
  • Medical Personnel
  • Myeloid Cells
  • Radiation Effects

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Immunology
  • Nuclear and Radiation Engineering.
  • Theoretical Analysis.