Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury: Pathophysiology and Treatment

Abstract

Ischaemia is a common clinical event leading to local and remote injury. Evidence indicates that tissue damage is largely caused by activated neutrophils which accumulate when the tissue is perfused. If the area of ischaemic tissue is large, neutrophils also sequester in the lungs, inducing non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. Ischaemia-reperfusion injury is initiated by production of reactive oxygen species which initially appear responsible for the generation of chemotactic activity for neutrophils. Later, once adherent to endothelium, neutrophils mediate damage by secretion of additional reactive oxygen species as well as proteolytic enzymes, in particular elastase. Therapeutic options for limiting ischaemia-reperfusion injury include inhibition of oxygen radical formation, pharmacological prevention of neutrophil activation and chemotaxis, and also use of monoclonal antibodies which prevent neutrophil-endothelial adhesion, a prerequisite for injury.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 17, 1991
Accession Number
ADA360236

Entities

People

  • C. R. Valeri
  • D. Shepro
  • Geoffrey H. Goldman
  • H. B. Hechtman
  • I. S. Paterson
  • R. Welbourn

Organizations

  • Boston University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Adhesion
  • Aneurysm
  • Animal Structures
  • Biochemistry
  • Biological Sciences
  • Blood
  • Blood Flow
  • Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena
  • Cardiovascular System
  • Chemistry
  • Classification
  • Health Services
  • Microvessels
  • Myocardial Ischemia
  • Security
  • Tissues
  • Vascular Diseases

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Immunology and Pathology