Transfer of Contaminants between the Water Column and Bottom Sediments: The Role of Deposit-and Suspension-Feeding Benthic Invertebrates.

Abstract

The long-term goal of this research was to determine the dominant mechanisms whereby and the rates at which fine particles (<50 micronmeter) are incorporated into marine sediments. Flume and still-water experiments were conducted to quantify specific effects of deposit-feeding benthic invertebrates on the transport of fine suspended particulates from the water column to the bottom, and the retention of such particulates within the seabed. Experiments were conducted on (1) the effects of biogenic roughness (fecal mounds) on sand transport, (2) the potential effects of worm-tube arrays on fine-particle deposition, (3) fine-particle subduction by a surface deposit-feeding worm, and (4) density-dependent bioturbation by a head-down deposit-feeding worm. We also studied particle trapping by the viscous sublayer. These studies demonstrate ways in which deposit feeders can enhance fine-article deposition and retention within sandy marine sediments.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 31, 1998
Accession Number
ADA360866

Entities

People

  • Cheryl A. Butman
  • Robert A. Wheatcroft

Organizations

  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Animals
  • Boundary Layer
  • Boundary Layer Flow
  • Classification
  • Computational Fluid Dynamics
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Flow
  • Fluid Dynamics
  • Fluid Flow
  • Invertebrates
  • Laser Induced Fluorescence
  • Particles
  • Particulates
  • Roughness
  • Sediments
  • Stratified Fluids
  • Transport Ships

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Aerosol Science/Aerosol Physics
  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Coastal Oceanography