Digestive Kinetics Determines Bioavailability of Pollutants

Abstract

We assayed digestive capabilities of marine deposit feeders (animals that eat sediments) by using fluorescently tagged substrates and contact-angle measurements of surfactancy. Polychaetes on average showed higher enzyme activities and surfactancy than echinoderms. We found that surfactants produced by deposit feeders substantially enhance their abilities to solubilize hydrophobic pollutants such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Amounts solubilized were consistent with incorporation into micelles of the surfactant. Kinetics of PAH uptake could be explained by passive diffusion. We also found that the digestive strategies of deposit feeders often produce concentrations of proteins (digestive enzymes plus products of protein digestion) that are sufficient to solubilize metals. Histidine residues in these proteins were found to be critical for copper binding.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 19, 1999
Accession Number
ADA362286

Entities

People

  • Lawrence M. Mayer
  • Peter A. Jumars

Organizations

  • University of Washington

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Amino Acids
  • Animals
  • Aromatic Hydrocarbons
  • Chemical Compounds
  • Chemical Reactors
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Cyclic Hydrocarbons
  • Digestive System Processes
  • Echinodermata
  • Histidine
  • Hydrocarbons
  • Invertebrates
  • Kinetics
  • Molecular Weight
  • Solid Solutions
  • Surface Active Substances

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Aquatic Ecology
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Organic Chemistry