Real-Time Breath Analysis of Vapor Phase Uptake of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane Through the Forearm
Abstract
This article describes the design and implementation of a linear, first-order, compartmentalized flow inhalation model, and demonstrates its accuracy in predicting the uptake, distribution, and excretion of volatile chemicals, as well as its usefulness in estimating both cancer and noncancer endpoints. This Compartmentalized Inhalation Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PB-PK) Model (CPIM) accomplishes this through the use of a simple linear relationship between exposure as an input and dose as an output. In this paper, the CPIM has been validated against human inhalation exposure data for toluene, which is a widely used industrial solvent. The model has demonstrable general usefulness for predicting environmental or occupational body burdens as a result of exposure, and subsequent cancer risks and toxic hazards. The results from using the CPIM with the USEPA risk assessment procedures, show the "acceptable" cancer risk levels are increased by approximately two orders of magnitude and "safe" noncancer risks are decreased by three orders of magnitude.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 1999
- Accession Number
- ADA366802
Entities
People
- Sydney M. Gordon