Studies of Processing Chemistry and Stability of High Temperatuare Polyimides Using TG/FTIR/MS. DEPSCOR95

Abstract

This research project addressed two fundamental aspects of carbon fiber reinforced high temperature polyimide composites, namely the curing chemistry involved for polyimide formation and then, the thermal oxidative stability of the polyimide structure so produced. The latter played a key role in controlling the composite long-term service temperature when the composite was targeted for aircraft and aerospace applications. The TGA/FTIR and TGA/MS evolved gas analysis provided a convenient means to study these two features by monitoring the off-gas reaction products during cure in the former and following the off-gas degradation products in the latter. TGA served as a curing reactor in the former while FTIR and MS identified the reaction products in real time. Similarly, TGA provided the means of aging a composite in a controlled environment while FTIR and MS were used to detect the degradation products given off, also in real time. According to TGA/FTIR/MS study, the thermal curing of polyimides including AFR700B/T650-35, LARC RP-46/IM7 and VCAP-75/Glass fiber prepregs proceeded essentially by: (1) the elimination of methanol from amic-acid prepolymer formation, (2) the release of water from subsequent imidization, and (3) finally, the thermal crosslinking via a reverse Diels-Alder reaction when a NE end capping monomer was used. Thus, this polyimide curing reaction sequence confirmed the literature findings. However, the FTIR/MS data obtained could also accommodate the alternative that the elimination of water from amide-ester formation occurred first, which was followed by the release of methanol from subsequent imidization. In the case of AFR700B/T650-35 prepreg, most off-gases were released by 430 deg F (221 deg C), thereby marking this temperature as the time for both vacuum cut-off and application of consolidation during autoclaving to produce low void content parts. Again, this coincided with industrial autoclaving practice.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 31, 1999
Accession Number
ADA371601

Entities

People

  • Charles W. Lee

Organizations

  • Western Kentucky University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • C4I
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Aircrafts
  • Carbon Fibers
  • Chemical Analysis
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Composite Materials
  • Fibers
  • Glass Fibers
  • Glass Transition Temperature
  • Mass Spectra
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Measurement
  • Mechanical Properties
  • Polymer Matrix Composites
  • Spectra

Fields of Study

  • Materials science

Readers

  • Organic Chemistry
  • Polymer Science and Technology
  • Reinforced Composite Materials

Technology Areas

  • Space