Effects of Weathering on the Flammability of Oils.

Abstract

Many crude oils and fuel oils are flammable and pose a significant fire hazard if not handled properly. When an oil is accidentally spilled and exposed to the environment, the flammability characteristics of the oil can change significantly as it evaporates. A numerical weathering model that simulates the weathering and consequent changes in flammability was developed. The time required for a representative group of flammable oils to weather to a non-flammable state under various spill conditions was estimated. The effects of the level of mixing caused by environmental factors were closely examined. Results of simulations indicate that flammable crude oils weather very slowly when there are no natural mixing mechanisms at work. In these cases weathering times are very sensitive to the thickness of the oil. In contrast, if there are effective mechanisms for mixing the oil, it weathers much more quickly and the weathering time is less sensitive to thickness. Simulations indicate that flammable fuel oils are less likely to become non-flammable during weathering. Weathered gasoline remains flammable until it is almost completely evaporated.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1999
Accession Number
ADA376001

Entities

People

  • Robert K. Jones

Organizations

  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alkanes
  • Boiling Point
  • Chemistry
  • Coast Guard
  • Differential Equations
  • Engineering
  • Environmental Protection
  • Flash Point
  • Fuel Oils
  • Liquid Phases
  • Mass Transfer
  • Materials
  • Materials Science
  • Petroleum
  • Physical Properties
  • Turbulent Mixing
  • Vapor Pressure

Readers

  • Ocean-Atmosphere Mesoscale Modeling, Data Assimilation, and Flux Boundary Layers
  • Petroleum Engineering
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.