Molecular Beam Studies of Reactions between Stratospheric Gases and Supercooled Sulfuric Acid

Abstract

Sulfuric acid aerosols in the stratosphere contribute to the destruction of the ozone layer by converting inactive gases like HCl and HBr into molecules that fall apart into chlorine and bromine atoms, which catalytically destroy ozone. The first step in these reactions is the transport of gas phase HCl and HBr molecules through the surface of the liquid aerosol and into the acid, where they dissolve and dissociate. Our experiments show that the entry of HCl and HBr into sulfuric acid is often frustrated by immediate HCl and HBr evaporation from the surface of the acid. For mid-latitude stratospheric sulfuric acid, we find that only 11% of the HCl and 22% of the HBr molecules that strike the acid surface enter into the bulk. In contrast, water and nitric acid molecules enter the acid in nearly every collision. These measurements indicate that HCl and HBr are mostly unavailable for reaction with other solute molecules in mid-latitude aerosols because they evaporate from the acid's surface faster than the can dissolve.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 15, 2000
Accession Number
ADA379797

Entities

People

  • Gilbert M. Nathanson
  • Jennifer Splan
  • John R Morris
  • Melissa D. Antman
  • Peter M. Behr

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acids
  • Chemistry
  • Collisions
  • Desorption
  • Diesel Fuels
  • High Latitudes
  • Latitude
  • Molecular Beams
  • Molecules
  • Nitric Acid
  • Ozone Layer
  • Polar Regions
  • Regions
  • Scattering
  • Stratosphere
  • Students
  • Universities

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Molecular Photonics/Laser Physics
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Technology Areas

  • Space