DNA Cleavage/Repair and Signal Transduction Pathways in Irradiated Breast Tumor Cells

Abstract

We have determined that neither p53 status nor alterations in levels of the Myc protein are critical factors in radiosensitivity or in sensitivity to adriamycin. The refractoriness of breast tumor cells to DNA damage induced apoptosis may be related, in part, to upregulation of p21 as well as to stimulation of MAP kinase activity. Our current studies using cells carrying a p21 antisense vector should clarify the role of p21 while studies relating to the MAP kinase pathway are being initiated. Pretreatment of p53 wild type breast tumor cells with Vitamin D3 compounds sensitizes the cells to ionizing radiation and to adriamycin, in part through the promotion of apoptosis - suggesting that the Vitamin D compounds can be used to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the clinical treatment of breast cancer. Finally, we are attempting to determine how p53 status influences the fidelity of double strand break repair in apoptosis proficient 184B5 breast epithelial cells, and the possible relation between apoptosis and tolerance for misrepair. Such studies may suggest additional candidates for transgenic manipulation of the response to radiation.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1999
Accession Number
ADA381791

Entities

People

  • David A. Gewirtz

Organizations

  • Virginia Commonwealth University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Health Services
  • Medical Personnel
  • Organic Chemistry

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Breast cancer cell signaling and growth regulation.
  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.
  • Nuclear and Radiation Engineering.