The Roles of Chromosome Breaks and Telomere Dynamics in the Genome Instability Associated With Human Breast Cancer

Abstract

Human tumors acquire a marked genomic instability as part of their progression from normal to malignant cells. This instability is likely due in part to the progressive shortening and transient loss of telomeres from chromosome ends. Loss of telomeres allows chromosomes to fuse end-to-end, triggering chromosome fusion-bridge-breakage cycles that lead to genome rearrangements, loss of heterozygosity, and gene amplification. The initial steps in chromosome fusion-bridge-breakage cycles are being studied by introducing site-specific double-strand breaks adjacent to interstitial telomere sequences in a marked region of a specially engineered test chromosome. A color-based detection system based on the green fluorescent protein is being developed to aid in detection of the early steps in fusion-bridge- breakage cycles. By varying the length of the telomere sequence, we will measure the length of telomere sequence that is required to protect chromosome ends and prevent genomic instability in breast cancer cells. A test chromosome is being constructed using the APRT locus in CHO cells, which will permit a measure of the effects of telomere sequence on the frequencies of chromatid fusion. Once the properties of the test chromosome are characterized in CHO cells we will transfer the engineered chromosome by microcell fusion into human breast cancer cells at different stages of tumor progression.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 1999
Accession Number
ADA382943

Entities

People

  • John H. Wilson

Organizations

  • Baylor College of Medicine

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Breast Cancer
  • Cell Line
  • Cells
  • Chromosome Structures
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Dynamics
  • Frequency
  • Genomic Instability
  • Instability
  • Laboratory Animals
  • Materials
  • Neoplasms
  • Recombinant Dna
  • Sequences

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular and genetic basis of cancer.