Oxidation of Thiodiglycol (2,2'-Thiobis-ethanol) by Alcohol Dehydrogenase: Comparison of Human Isoenzymes

Abstract

Sulfur mustard is a chemical warfare agent that causes blistering of the skin and damages the eyes and airway after environmental exposure. We have previously reported that thiodiglycol (TDG, 2,2'- bis-thiodiethanol), the hydrolysis product of sulfur mustard, is oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase (AD H) purified from horse liver or present in mouse liver and human skin cytosol. Humans express four functional classes of ADH composed of several different isozymes, which vary in their tissue distribution, some occurring in skin. To help us evaluate the potential contribution of the various human isozymes toward toxicity in skin and in other tissues, we have compared the catalytic activity of purified human class I alphaalpha-,Beta1Beta1-,Beta2Beta2-, gamma1gamma1-ADH, class II pi-ADH, class III chi-ADH, and class IV sigma-ADH with respect to TDG oxidation and their relative sensitivities to inhibition by pyrazole. Specific activities toward TDG were 123, 79, 347, 647, and 12 nmol/min/mg for the class I alphaalpha-, beta1beta1-, beta2beta2-, and gamma1gamma1-ADH and class II sigma-ADH, respectively. TDC was not a substrate for class III chi-ADH.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2000
Accession Number
ADA386013

Entities

People

  • A. A. Brimfield
  • B. F. Dudley
  • G. W. Winston

Organizations

  • United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Agreements
  • Biological Sciences
  • Chemical Compounds
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemistry
  • Digestive System
  • Enzyme Kinetics
  • Enzymes
  • Gastrointestinal Tract
  • Inhibition
  • Kinetics
  • Materials
  • Molecular Biology
  • Molecular Dynamics
  • Oxidation
  • Tissues

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Medicine

Readers

  • Military Logistics and Supply Chain Management
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology