Application of Information Theory to Improve Computer-Aided Diagnosis Systems

Abstract

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for mammography are an approach for low-cost double-reading. Current systems often suffer from unacceptably high false positive rates. Improved methods are needed for optimally setting the system parameters, particularly in the case of statistical models and neural networks which are a common element of most CAD systems. This research project looks to apply principles from information theory to build statistical models for CAD systems. Under the second year of this project we have further evaluated our generative hierarchical image probability (HIP) model, trained using information theoretic model selection. Our results show that HIP can reduce false positive rates by 30% for a data set constructed using The University of Chicago CAD mass detection system. We have also demonstrated the generative utility of our HIP model. We have synthesized regions of interest (ROIs) using the HIP model, enabling one to gain an intuition into the structure the HIP model learns for representing the two classes. Finally we have used the generative structure of the HIP model to detect novel examples-examples that significantly differ from the training data. We have shown how novelty detection can be used to generate confidence measures for improved ROC performance.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2000
Accession Number
ADA389509

Entities

People

  • Paul Sajda

Organizations

  • Sarnoff Corporation

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Algorithms
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computer Vision
  • Computer-Aided Diagnosis
  • Computers
  • Data Sets
  • Detection
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Image Processing
  • Information Theory
  • Neural Networks
  • Object Recognition
  • Probability
  • Probability Distributions
  • Signal Processing
  • Stochastic Processes
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

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Technology Areas

  • AI & ML
  • AI & ML - Bayesian Inference