The Feasibility of Missile Launch Detection Through Clouds Using the 589.6 nm Na Emission

Abstract

Spectral measurements of various solid and liquid propellent rocket plumes have shown the presence of strong emissions from sodium (589.6 nm) and potassium (766.5 nm). Theoretical calculations indicate that emissions near 589.6 nm should be efficiently transmitted through the atmosphere and clouds and thus should be easily detectable by a downward-looking sensor positioned above the clouds. To test this concept, a visible radiometric sensor with an interference filter (and later with an atomic line resonance filter) was developed and flown on an aircraft platform. A simple ground-based Na emission source was fabricated using several low-pressure sodium discharge lamps. A number of nighttime measurement flights were conducted for several different cloud types and conditions. Data collected during these nighttime flights are presented and discussed. These initial measurements have confirmed that a simulated rocket emission source at 589.6 nm is detectable through clouds. Additional measurements covering a wider range of cloud conditions and types and during daylight conditions are planned for the near future.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1999
Accession Number
ADA390450

Entities

People

  • A. J. Ratkowski
  • Dallin Smith
  • E. R. Huppi
  • M. Ahmadjian
  • Miles J. Egan

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Sensors
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Aircrafts
  • Altitude
  • Detection
  • Detectors
  • Frequency
  • Ground Based
  • Instrumentation
  • Lamps
  • Light Sources
  • Measurement
  • Observation
  • Radiation
  • Scattering
  • Solar Radiation
  • Theater Ballistic Missiles

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Remote Sensing.
  • Optical Physics and Photonics.
  • Rocket Propulsion.