Protection Against the Acute and Delayed Toxicities of Sulfur Mustard

Abstract

Both the acute and delayed toxicities of DNA damaging agents like sulfur mustard (SM) appear to represent the outcome of a race between protective and toxic pathways triggered by DNA damage. Results obtained within the framework of our first objective to investigate the mechanisms involved in processing SM-induced DNA modifications, have revealed that both nucleotide excision repair (NER) and base excision repair (BER) are involved in processing SM-induced DNA damage. However, in contrast to the protective effect of NER, expression of the alkyl adenine DNA glycosylase, the first enzyme in the BER repair pathway, renders cells more sensitive to SM. We believe that specific post-exposure conditions can modulate cellular response to DNA damage by facilitating protective pathways and/or diminishing toxic ones. Specifically, as our second objective, we are exploring mild hypothermia as a means of ameliorating SM toxicity. Our results show that low temperature increases survival of mammalian cells after exposure to SM and suggest that, at least in part, this may be due to post-exposure modulation of DNA repair and replication.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2001
Accession Number
ADA391414

Entities

People

  • Michael Volkert
  • Zdenka Matijasevic

Organizations

  • University of Massachusetts

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alcohols
  • Alkylating Agents
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Azo Compounds
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemistry
  • Deoxyribonucleic Acids
  • Escherichia Coli
  • Excision
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Low Temperature
  • Medical Personnel
  • Stem Cells
  • Toxicity

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Geochemistry
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Neurotrauma and Rehabilitation Medicine.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology