Human Metabolism and Interactions of Deployment-Related Chemicals

Abstract

This study examines the human metabolism and potential interactions of a subset of deployment-related chemicals. Our previous studies involving the cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in chlorpyrifos activation and detoxication have been extended to DEET, pyridostigmine bromide and permethrin. DEET is metabolized by several P45O isoforms while permethrin is metabolized in humans by a series of enzymes that includes hydrolases as well as alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. A new method for the determination of sulfur mustard and its metabolites has been developed, and new studies of these important chemicals are in progress. It is clear that chlorpyrifos and, by implication, other organophosphorus chemicals, has considerable potential for interaction with other chemicals since it is a potent inhibitor of the DEET and carbaryl metabolism. The variation in these activation and detoxication reactions in human liver microsomes from individuals indicates that metabolism may be a locus for identification of individuals or groups at increased risk. These and the remaining studies will also permit more confident extrapolation from experimental animals to humans and provide a scientific basis for model selection.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Feb 01, 2002
Accession Number
ADA401660

Entities

People

  • Ernest Hodgson

Organizations

  • North Carolina State University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical Research
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Environmental Health
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Ethnic Groups
  • Genetics
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Microsomes
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Organophosphates

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Toxicology/Environmental Toxicology