Implantable Biofuel Cell Electrodes

Abstract

The objective of the project was the design of glucose electrooxidizing anodes and oxygen electroreducing cathodes for a miniature compartment-less and case-less biofuel cell powering sensor-transmitter and receiver-actuator systems implanted in animas. It resulted in the smallest (smaller by a factor of 180 than previously reported) and highest power density (higher by a factor of 5) biofuel cell ever built. The results were obtained in a pH 5 solution in absence of chloride at 37 deg C and formed the basis for their subsequent extension to physiological conditions after the project ended on Dec 1, 2001. The anodes were based on the electrical 'wiring' of glucose oxidase with redox polymers of low (reducing) redox potentials that connected their redox centers to carbon electrodes. The cathodes were based on the electrical 'wiring' of copper enzymes (laccases and bilirubin oxidases) with high (oxidizing) redox potential redox polymers to carbon cathodes. The anodic current densities near 0.1 V (Ag/AgCl) were of ^ 1 mA/sq cm and the cathodic current densities were of ^ 3 mA/sq cm at ^ 0.5 V (Ag/AgCl). The smallest biofuel cell built consisted of two 7 micrometers diameter 2 cm long carbon fibers. It's output at 37 deg C was ^ 1 Micro-W.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 05, 2002
Accession Number
ADA403772

Entities

People

  • Adam Heller

Organizations

  • University of Texas at Austin

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Bilirubin
  • Biofuels
  • Carbon Fibers
  • Cells
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Chlorides
  • Composite Materials
  • Current Density
  • Diameters
  • Electrodes
  • Fibers
  • Fuel Cells
  • Graphitic Materials
  • Materials
  • Microbial Fuel Cells
  • Military Research
  • Physical Properties

Readers

  • Electrochemical Surface Science
  • Neuroscience
  • Surface Engineering/Surface Coating Technology.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology