Adiabatic Compression Sensitivity of Liquid Fuels and Monopropellants

Abstract

Liquid rocket fuels and monopropellants can be sensitive to rapid compression. Such liquids may undergo decomposition and their handling may be accompanied with risk. Decomposition produces small gas bubbles in the liquid, which upon rapid compression may cause catastrophic explosions. The rapid compression can result from mechanical shocks applied on the tank containing the liquid or from rapid closure of the valves installed on the lines. It is desirable to determine the conditions that may promote explosive reactions. At AFRL, we constructed an apparatus and established a safe procedure for estimating the sensitivity of propellant materials towards mechanical shocks (Adiabatic Compression Tester). A sample is placed in a stainless steel U-tube, held isothermally at a temperature between 20 and 150 degrees Celsius then exposed to an abrupt mechanical shock of nitrogen gas at a pressure between 6.9 and 20.7 MPa (1000 to 3000 psi). The apparatus is computer interfaced and is driven with LABTECH NOTEBOOK-pro Software. In this presentation, the design of the apparatus is shown, the operating procedure is outlined and the safety issues are addressed. The results obtained on different energetic materials will be presented.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Dec 29, 1999
Accession Number
ADA409440

Entities

People

  • Ismail M. K. Ismail
  • Tom W. Hawkins

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Actuators
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Combustion
  • Combustion Chambers
  • Decomposition
  • Energetic Materials
  • Fuels
  • High Pressure
  • Liquid Propellants
  • Materials
  • Materials Laboratories
  • Materials Testing
  • Propellants
  • Rocket Fuels
  • Rocket Propellants
  • Test Methods

Readers

  • Combustion and Flow Dynamics.
  • Mechanical Engineering/Mechanics of Materials.
  • Rocket Propulsion.