Algorithms for Localization and Tracking of Acoustic Sources with Widely Separated Sensors

Abstract

Multiple sensor arrays distributed over a region provide the means for accurate localization of the (x, y) position of a source. When microphone arrays are used to measure aeroacoustic signals from ground vehicles, random fluctuations in the air lead to frequency-selective coherence of the signals that arrive at widely-separated arrays. We have shown previously that even in cases of imperfect spatial coherence, improvements in source localization accuracy are possible when the data from widely-separated arrays are processed jointly by a fusion center. Further, we have shown that a distributed processing scheme involving bearing estimation at individual arrays and time-delay estimation between pairs of widely-separated sensors performs nearly as well as the optimum scheme, with significantly lower communication bandwidth. These results were obtained by studying the Cramer-Rao bound (CR13) on source localization accuracy based on a statistical model for the data measured at the sensors. The contributions of this paper include the presentation of more accurate performance bounds (Ziv-Zakai), and the development of a narrowband subspace algorithm for source localization with distributed arrays and partially coherent signals. We demonstrate through analysis, simulation, and processing of measured data that the performance of both algorithms is limited by ambiguities that arise from the narrowband signals and the large spacing between arrays.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 23, 2000
Accession Number
ADA409537

Entities

People

  • Brian M. Sadler
  • Richard J. Kozick

Organizations

  • United States Army Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Sensors
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acoustics
  • Algorithms
  • Bandwidth
  • Cross Correlation
  • Doppler Effect
  • Eigenvalues
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Estimators
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Bands
  • Geometry
  • Narrowband
  • Power Spectra
  • Radial Velocity
  • Signal Processing
  • Simulations
  • Wave Propagation

Fields of Study

  • Engineering

Readers

  • Phased Array Antenna Design.
  • Sensor Fusion and Tracking Systems.
  • Statistical inference.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Space Objects