Micro Laser Plasma Thrusters for Small Satellites

Abstract

We developed and tested a preprototype micro laser plasma thruster (micro-LPT). This is a new departure in sub-kilogram micropropulsion modules, which we believe can compare favorably with the micro-PPT in total impulse/dry mass and thrust/power ratios. A lens focuses the light output of a group of fiber-coupled diode lasers onto a special ablatant tape. The tape is composed of a transparent supporting layer through which the light passes without perforating it, and a proprietary absorbing fuel layer which is ignited and further heated by the laser to produce a miniature jet. The device is repetitively pulsed, operates on spacecraft bus voltage, and weighs 0.85 kg. The diodes have 50% electrical to optical efficiency. Best performance from a non-energetic fuel material was obtained with black polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which produced an average of 66 micro-N thrust and coupling coefficient (C(sub m)) of 8O micro-N/W. A proprietary energetic material was also tested, in which the laser initiates a non-propagating detonation. This material produced 500 micro-N of thrust and C(sub m) was 300 micro-N/W. Data are summarized from over 200 single-shot and full thrust tests on dozens of combinations of ablatant materials and supporting transparent polymers.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2002
Accession Number
ADA410142

Entities

People

  • Claude Phipps

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Satellites
  • Birds
  • Brushless Dc Motors
  • Control Systems
  • Electric Propulsion
  • Energetic Materials
  • Engineering
  • Laser Applications
  • Laser Diodes
  • Lasers
  • Materials
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Measurement
  • Optics
  • Satellite Buses
  • Small Satellites

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerospace Propulsion Engineering.
  • Optical Physics and Photonics.
  • Polymer Science and Engineering.

Technology Areas

  • Directed Energy
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster