Extending the Application of the ICJ's July 8, 1996, Advisory Opinion to Environment-Altering Weapons in General: What Is the Role of International Environmental Law in Warfare?

Abstract

Hailed as "the most important opinion by a court in the history of the world," the International Court of Justice (ICJ), in its July 8, 1996 Advisory Opinion, (Advisory Opinion) "ruled that the use or threat of use of nuclear weapons is subject to the rules of international law applicable to armed conflict and to the rules of humanitarian law, which nuclear weapons cannot satisfy." In drafting the Advisory Opinion, the ICJ focused on a variety of issues, including an unprecedented consideration of environmental provisions and treaties. Under the ICJ's Advisory Opinion, because nuclear weapons do not specifically limit their effects to a targeted enemy, but instead affect the world indiscriminately, nation-states implementing those weapons must consider carefully consider their use. That consideration should not be limited to nuclear weapons, but should also apply to any weapons systems designed to influence one's enemy by changing the environment of their homeland or of the surrounding battlefield. These systems, termed "environment-altering weapons," included nuclear and biological weapons, or any weapons system that causes "environmental modification."

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 25, 2002
Accession Number
ADA410728

Entities

People

  • Deborah Houchins

Organizations

  • Air Force Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Agreements
  • Arms Control
  • Arms Control Treaties
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemical Weapons
  • Environment
  • Environmental Law
  • Environmental Protection
  • Governments
  • Intergovernmental Organizations
  • International Law
  • International Organizations
  • International Relations
  • Law
  • Negotiations
  • Nuclear Energy
  • Treaties

Readers

  • Criminal Law
  • Strategic Security Studies