Momentum Flux Measurements from Under Expanded Orifices: Applications for Micropropulsion Systems

Abstract

The popularity of micropropulsion system development has led to renewed interest in the determination of propulsive properties of orifice flows since micronozzle expansions ma suffer high viscous losses at low pressure operation. The mass flow and relative thrust through an underexpanded orifice is measured as a function of orifice stagnation pressure from 0.1 to 3.5 Torr. Nitrogen, argon, and helium propellant gases are passed through a 1.0 mm diameter orifice with a wall thickness of 0.015 mm. Near-free molecule, transitional and continuum flow regimes are studied. The relative thrust is determined by measuring the displacement of a novel thrust stand designed primarily for low operating pressure propulsion systems. It is shown that the thrust stand deflection is a function of the facility background pressure, and corrections are made to determine the deflection for a zero background pressure for a nitrogen propellant.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 11, 2001
Accession Number
ADA410837

Entities

People

  • Amanda A. Green
  • Andrew D. Ketsdever
  • E. P. Muntz

Organizations

  • Air Force Research Laboratory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Coefficients
  • Diameters
  • Flow
  • Gases
  • Geometry
  • Knudsen Number
  • Mass Flow
  • Measurement
  • Military Research
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Rarefied Gases
  • Reynolds Number
  • Specific Impulse
  • Stagnation Pressure
  • Thrust

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerospace Propulsion Engineering.
  • Fluid Dynamics.
  • Plasma Physics.