Nonspeech Audio in Helicopter Aviation
Abstract
This report describes the results of a literature study on the use of nonspeech audio in human-machine interaction, especially applied to helicopter aviation. The study focuses on various design philosophies for communicating important states of a machine to its operators through the use of nonspeech sounds. The two most popular sound designs are the so-called auditory icons (natural sounds that have a meaning by association with a real object) and earcons (abstracts sounds whose meaning must be learned). Usability indices such as effectiveness, efficiency and user satisfaction are reviewed for a number of experimental cases. The conclusion is that designs of auditory icons and earcons are not necessarily mutually exclusive. It appears entirely possible to develop sets of artificial sounds that combine the best features of each design approach.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Dec 01, 2003
- Accession Number
- ADA419911
Entities
People
- Adrianus J. Houtsma
Organizations
- United States Army Aeromedical Research Lab