The Motion of the Observer in Celestial Navigation

Abstract

The object of celestial navigation is the determination of the latitude and longitude of a vessel at a specific time, through the use of observations of the altitudes of celestial bodies. Each observation defines a circle of position on the surface of the Earth, and the small segment of the circle that passes near the observer's estimated position is represented as a line of position (LOP). A position fix is located at the intersection of two or more LOPs. This construction works for a fixed observer or simultaneous observations. However, if the observer is moving, the LOPs from two consecutive observations do not necessarily intersect at a point corresponding to the observer's position at any time; if three or more observations are involved, there may be no common intersection. Since celestial navigation normally involves a single observer on a moving ship, something has to be done to account for the change in the observer's position during the time required to take a series of observations. This report reviews the methods used to deal with the observer's motion. A basic familiarity with the procedures, terminology, and notation of celestial navigation is assumed.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 1996
Accession Number
ADA423226

Entities

People

  • G. H. Kaplan

Organizations

  • United States Naval Observatory

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Ground and Sea Platforms

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Accuracy
  • Algorithms
  • Altitude
  • Cartesian Coordinates
  • Celestial Navigation
  • Computations
  • Construction
  • Coordinate Systems
  • Equations
  • Geometry
  • Latitude
  • Longitude
  • Navigation
  • Observation
  • Observatories
  • Observers
  • Plane Geometry

Fields of Study

  • Mathematics

Readers

  • Geodesy
  • Systems Analysis and Design