Military-Relevant Infectious Diseases Endemic to Kenya: Epidemiology Immunology Pathophysiology Treatment and Prevention

Abstract

Growth in operations continued particularly in the field sites in Nyanza and the Rift Valley Provinces during the second year of the Cooperative Agreement. State-of-the-art clinical research facilities were opened in Kombewa (November 2003) and Kericho (March 2004) for malaria and HIV/AIDS intervention studies, respectively. Kericho now has a new maternal and child health clinic and construction is underway to extend the Kombewa clinical research facility. A pediatric wing and modem research laboratory buildings will be ready for occupancy during the final year of the agreement. A 135 children dose and age stratified Phase 1 clinical trial for MSP-1 and an epidemiological study involving 276 children is in progress at the Kombewa field site. Both studies are in their follow-up phase. In Kericho, a retrospective economic impact study was completed and published results demonstrate a significant decrease in earnings of both the infected worker and the employer. A prospective comparison of ElA and Western blot testing with four rapid tests in 486 subjects enrolled in an HIV-l sero-incidence study was undertaken in Kericho. The sensitivity of all four rapid tests was 100% and specificity ranged from 99.1% to 100% with high positive and negative predictive values. Recruitment into the cohort development protocol in preparation for future HIV/AlDS vaccine intervention studies also commenced this year. Over 2600 subjects have been enrolled with some groups already into their first six month follow-up visit. Work in leishmaniasis was initiated with the arrival of Ellison Fellows to the unit under a special new NRC program. A pathway for prostaglandin synthesis in the parasite has been described and published. A potential role for this novel pathway in the life cycle or pathogenesis of the parasite is under investigation.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 01, 2004
Accession Number
ADA425808

Entities

People

  • Davy K. Koech

Organizations

  • Kenya Medical Research Institute

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biological Products
  • Biomedical Research
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Clinical Trials
  • Construction
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Epidemiology
  • Health
  • Health Services
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Malaria
  • Medical Personnel
  • Parasitic Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Research Facilities
  • Vaccines

Fields of Study

  • Medicine

Readers

  • Clinical Trial Research.
  • Infectious Disease/Epidemiology

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology