Brain's DNA Repair Response to Neurotoxicants

Abstract

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is associated with death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra (SN) of the brain. Military personnel abroad are at a greater risk of exposure to pesticides and toxins which may selectively damage DA neurons in the SN and increase the probability of development of Parkinson's disease (PD) later in life. The toxins of interest are mitochondrial poisons that create a bioenergetic crisis and generate toxic oxyradicals which damage macromolecules, including DNA. We hypothesize that regulation macromolecules, including DNA. We hypothesize that regulation of the DNA repair response within certain neurons of the SN (the pars compacta) may be a critical determinant for their vulnerability to these neurotoxicants. We have measured regional differences in the brain's capacity to increase repair of oxidized DNA (indicated by oxyguanosine glycosylase (OGGl)activity) to three distinct chemical classes of neurotoxins (MPTP, two mycotoxins, and an organochlorine pesticide). At the end of the first year of the project, we have found that the temporal and spatial profile of OGG1 activity across brain regions elicited by each class of neurotoxicant is distinct and unique, but failure to maintain a vigorous increase in OGGl and endogenous anti-oxidant activity in specific brain loci appears to be a shared mechanism leading to neuronal injury in that region.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jul 01, 2004
Accession Number
ADA428270

Entities

People

  • Juan Sanchez-ramos

Organizations

  • University of South Florida

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Brain
  • Cells
  • Cerebral Cortex
  • Chemistry
  • Diseases And Disorders
  • Fungi
  • Medical Personnel
  • Mycotoxins
  • Nervous System
  • Neurology
  • Neurons
  • Neurosciences
  • Oxidative Stress
  • Parkinson'S Disease

Fields of Study

  • Biology

Readers

  • Molecular Genetics
  • Neurodegenerative Parkinson's Disease and Rickettsial Disease handbook, including the data level of dopamine, BC, neurons, and PD.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Cancer Biotech