New Catalysts for the Destruction of Chemical Warfare Agents

Abstract

The chemistry of dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), which is used as a simulant for organophosphorus nerve agents, is being studied on model systems consisting Ni and Cu nanoparticles supported on titania. On the small Ni particles and unannealed Ni films (50 monolayers), DMMP decomposes to produce CO and hydrogen as the main gaseous products, leaving atomic phosphorus on the surface. However, the reactivity of the large particles heated to 850 K and the annealed Ni films is dramatically decreased. This reduction in activity is not attributed to a particle size effect, but is believed to be related to changes induced by annealing. Defects, such as steps and kinks, in the unannealed Ni surface are likely to be lost after heating, and is it also believed that a TiOx species migrates onto the Ni surface during heating and passivates the surface. On the Cu particles of different sizes and on a 40 monolayer Cu film, DMMP decomposition produced methane as the major gaseous product, with formaldehyde as a minor product. Although the large and small Cu particles did not exhibit significantly different reactivity, the production of formaldehyde increased with increasing Cu coverage.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 15, 2005
Accession Number
ADA430408

Entities

People

  • Donna A. Chen

Organizations

  • University of South Carolina

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemistry
  • Decomposition
  • Dissociation
  • Measurement
  • Metallic Nanoparticles
  • Nanoparticles
  • Oxidation
  • Particle Size
  • Particles
  • Spectra
  • Spectroscopy
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Three Dimensional

Readers

  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies
  • Materials Science and Engineering.

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology