Nuclear Thermal Rocket Propulsion Systems

Abstract

Ideas for using nuclear energy for space propulsion began shortly after the first controlled nuclear chain reaction in 1942. Starting in the late 1940s, several development programs were pursued by the United States Air Force, the Atomic Energy Commission (now the US Department of Energy), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Some of the systems developed from these programs are still in use today. To use nuclear power for space propulsion, a propellant is heated in a suitable nuclear reactor to create hot, high-pressure gas which is expanded through a nozzle. The resultant high thrust and high specific impulse enhance or enable missions which may not be feasible using conventional chemical rocket engines. Nuclear reactors, at the simplest level, are heat sources; they can heat a propellant directly (nuclear thermal) or create electricity (nuclear electric).

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Mar 18, 2005
Accession Number
ADA430931

Entities

People

  • Timothy J. Lawrence

Organizations

  • United States Air Force Academy

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Chain Reactions
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Composite Materials
  • Electric Propulsion
  • Energy
  • Fission
  • Materials
  • Nuclear Energy
  • Nuclear Reactors
  • Propellants
  • Propulsion Systems
  • Rocket Engines
  • Rocket Propulsion
  • Rockets
  • Space Propulsion
  • Thermal Propulsion Systems

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Rocket Propulsion.
  • Strategic Security Studies

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster