Wind Direction Estimates from Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the Sea Surface

Abstract

The SAR-signatures of synoptic-scale cold fronts, warm fronts, occluded fronts, and secluded fronts, including their mesoscale and microscale sub-structures have been documented. The basis for these findings is the analysis of some 6000 RADARSAT-1 SAR images from the Gulf of Alaska and from off the east coast of North America. This analysis yielded 158 cases of well defined frontal signatures: 22 warm fronts, 37 cold fronts, 3 stationary fronts, 32 occluded fronts, and 64 secluded fronts. Most synoptic-scale atmospheric fronts share two generic SAR-observable features. The first is a near zero order change in the mean backscatter while the second is a near zero-order change in the character of the micro-alpha to meso-gamma-scale eddy SAR signatures. Cold front-specific SAR signatures include meso-gamma-scale lobe and cleft instability, meso-gamma-scale vortices, meso-gamma-scale Kelvin-Helmholtz instability, and convective signatures to the immediate rear of the cold front. Warm and occluded front-specific SAR signatures include pre-frontal jets, meso-beta-scale vortices, and meso-gamma or micro-alpha-scale banding aligned nearly perpendicular to the front associated with gravity waves.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2004
Accession Number
ADA432157

Entities

People

  • George S. Young

Organizations

  • Pennsylvania State University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Cold Fronts
  • Detection
  • Error Analysis
  • Errors
  • Fluid Mechanics
  • Geography
  • Gravity Waves
  • Meteorology
  • North America
  • Oceans
  • Orientation (Direction)
  • Physics Laboratories
  • Radar
  • Synthetic Aperture Radar
  • Two Dimensional
  • Wind
  • Wind Direction

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Computer Vision.