Controlled Cortical Impact in Swine: Pathophysiology and Biomechanics
Abstract
A Controlled cortical impact (CCI) device was used to generate a focal lesion in 23 anesthetized male Yorkshire swine. In 10 swine CCI parameters of velocity and dwell time were varied to achieve a consistent injury (3.5 m/sec, 400 m/sec, respectively). In 13 swine depth of depression was varied from 9 to 12 mm. Physiological data including heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), intracranial pressure (ICP), and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) were collected for 10 hours after injury. Following injury, ICP and HR increased above baseline values in all swine with a more pronounced elevation in animals impacted to a depth of depression of 12 mm. An 11 mm depth of depression was found to most closely mimic pathological features of human TBI with edema, infiltration of inflammatory cells, pericapillary hemorrhage, and petechial hemorrhages in the white matter. Injury to a depth of depression of 12 mm resulted in cortical laceration obscuring these features. Immunohistological staining with Neu-N, MAP-2, and Fluoro Jade B revealed evidence of degenerating neurons, axonal disruption, and impending cell death. These results indicate that the swine model of CCI results in a defined and reproducible injury with pathological features similar to human TBI.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 28, 2005
- Accession Number
- ADA432734
Entities
People
- Andrew W. Bollen
- Diane Morabito
- Donghong Yan
- Geoffrey T. Manley
- Guy Rosenthal
- M. M. Knudson
- Maggie Lam
- Nikita Derugin
- S. S. Panter
Organizations
- Northern California Institute for Research and Education