The Use of Field Screening or Rapid Sediment Characterization (RSC) Tools for Sediment Assessments
Abstract
The primary goals of a sampling and analysis plan for an Ecological Risk Assessment (ERA) or a sediment site assessment are to identify potential contaminant sources and to delineate areas of concern. However, traditional sampling and analysis approaches do not always provide the information necessary to support the decision-making process in a cost- and time-effective manner. Site assessments performed in the marine environment are often hindered due to the complexity and heterogeneity of marine ecosystems. Because of the complex nature of marine ecosystems, U.S. Navy policy specifically requires that sampling programs focus primarily on the identification of potential contaminant sources and on the delineation of areas of contaminated media. Navy policy further dictates that sampling programs should make use of advanced chemical and biological screening technologies, data quality objectives, and statistical procedures to minimize overall sampling requirements. Implementation of advanced chemical, physical, and/or biological screening technologies (i.e., rapid sediment characterization (RSC) tools) at different stages of the ERA process can aid in focusing sampling requirements and can ultimately facilitate reaching final decisions. This paper discusses several RSC technologies that can be used at marine sediment sites, including X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) for metals; ultraviolet fluorescence spectroscopy (UVF) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); QwikSed bioassay for assessing toxicity; immunoassays for detecting PAHs, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); and laser particle scattering. Examples are provided to illustrate the efficacy of applying RSC tools to different stages of the ERA process. Finally, recommendations are given for the evaluation, selection, and application of RSC tools for the ERA process.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 2001
- Accession Number
- ADA434185
Entities
People
- Sabine E. Apitz
- Victoria J. Kirtay
Organizations
- Naval Information Warfare Systems Command