Furthering the Enzymatic Destruction of Nerve Agents

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the biodegradation potential of neutralized organophosphorus nerve agents: O-ethyl-S-(2-diisopropyl-aminoethyl) methylphosphonothioate (VX), Sarin (GB), Soman (GD), and O-cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate (GF). Removing labile leaving groups from these compounds can be accomplished chemically (e.g. alkali) or enzymatically (by a variety of hydrolases) resulting in stable ionic methylphosphonate esters. Glyphosate utilizing Burkholderia caryophilli PG2982 was found to use for growth (as the sole phosphorus sources) low concentrations of ethyl-, isopropyl-, and pinacolyl methylphosphonates (EMPn, IMPn, and PMPn - alkali treatment products of VX, GB, and GD, respectively). Partially purified enzyme was obtained from crude extracts of the B. caryophilli PG2982 strain and tested for esterase activity against these phosphonate esters in addition to isobutyl- and cyclohexyl methylphosphonates (iBMPn and CMPn - alkali treatment products of Russian-VX and GF, respectively). Derivatized substrates and products were monitored by GC-FPD. Esterase activities were observed in the order: iBMPn>CMPn>EMPn>IMPn>PMPn. These results demonstrate the potential use of B. caryophilli derived enzyme(s) in furthering the destruction of these neurotoxic chemical compounds. This could be an important factor for the US and other nations in attempting to meet the requirements of the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention agreement to destroy all chemical warfare agents within ten years of ratification (April 2007 for the US).

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2002
Accession Number
ADA436032

Entities

People

  • Ilya Elashvili
  • Joseph J. Defrank

Organizations

  • Edgewood Chemical Biological Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acids
  • Biodegradation
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemical Weapons
  • Chemistry
  • Degradation
  • Enzymes
  • Esters
  • Hydrolases
  • Methylphosphonates
  • Microbiology
  • Nerve Agents
  • Nucleic Acids
  • Phosphonates
  • Phosphorus
  • Weapons

Fields of Study

  • Agricultural and Food sciences

Readers

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Neurotoxicology