Prediction of Times of Facial and Finger Freezing During Cold Air Exposure

Abstract

The Cold Exposure Survival Model (CESM) has undergone various modifications since its inception as a decision aid for Search and Rescue. The present change is the addition of the prediction of the risk of frostbite of the cheek and finger. This risk is not confined to just the casualty, but it might also apply to the rescuers. Hence, predictions on the risk of frostbite and its rate of onset would markedly augment CESM by providing a more complete assessment of the casualty's survival status, and the risk to the rescuers, especially when bare hands are unavoidable. These predictions should also help increase public awareness on the risk of frostbite and potentially alleviate the incidence and severity of cold injury. This report outlines a methodology for calculating the risk and onset times of frostbite of the bare cheeks and fingers. Times to freezing are considerably more informative and less likely to be misinterpreted than the conventional use of the wind chill temperature, which can be misleading.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2004
Accession Number
ADA436282

Entities

People

  • Allan A. Keefe
  • Peter Tikuisis

Organizations

  • Defence Research and Development Canada

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Temperature
  • Algorithms
  • Basic Programming Language
  • Casualties
  • Cooling
  • Freezing
  • Frostbite
  • Heat Transfer
  • Heat Transfer Coefficients
  • Risk
  • Search And Rescue
  • Steady State
  • Survival
  • Thermal Conductivity
  • Thermal Resistance
  • Wind
  • Wind Chill

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Aviation Safety Risk Assessment.
  • Systems Analysis and Design
  • Thermal Physics or Thermal Science.