Electrolytic Transformation of Hexahydro-1,3,5-Trinitro-1,3,5-Triazine (RDX) and 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Aqueous Solutions

Abstract

Electrolytic reactive barriers (e-barriers) consist of closely spaced permeable electrodes installed across a groundwater contaminant plume in a permeable reactive barrier format. Application of sufficient potential to the electrodes results in sequential oxidation and reduction of the target contaminant. The objective of this study was to quantify the mass distribution of compounds produced during sequential electrolytic oxidation and reduction of ordinance related compounds (ORCs) in a laboratory analog to an e-barrier. In this study, a series of column tests were conducted using RDX (hexahydro-1,3,5- trinitro-1,3,5-friazine) and TNT (2,4,6-trinitrotoluene) as representative ORCs. The experimental setup consisted of a Plexiglass column packed with quart-feldspar sand to simulate aquifer conditions. A single set of porous electrodes consisting of expanded titanium-mixed metal oxide mesh was placed at the midpoint of the soil column as a one-dimensional analog to an e-barrier. Constant current of 20 mA (variable voltage) was applied to the electrode set. Initial studies involved quantification of reaction products using unlabeled RDX and TNT. Approximately 70 percent of the influent concentration was transformed, in one pass, through sequential oxidation-reduction for both contaminants. Following the unlabeled studies, 14C labeled RDX and TNT were introduced to determine the mass balance.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Aug 01, 2005
Accession Number
ADA437953

Entities

People

  • Altaf H. Wani
  • Brenda R. O'neal
  • David B. Gent
  • David M Gilbert
  • Jeffrey L. Davis

Organizations

  • Engineer Research and Development Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemistry
  • Civil Engineering
  • Electric Current
  • Electrodes
  • Electrolysis
  • Engineering
  • Engineers
  • Environmental Pollutants
  • Explosives
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Materials
  • Metal Oxides
  • Organic Compounds
  • Standards
  • Tectosilicates
  • Voltage

Readers

  • Agricultural Chemistry/Soil Science
  • Groundwater Contamination Remediation.
  • Surface Engineering/Surface Coating Technology.

Technology Areas

  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster