Suppression of Innate Immune Response by Primary Human Keratinocytes Expressing HPV-16 E6 and E7
Abstract
Human papillomavims (HPV) types infect the skin and mucosal epithelium. Lesions resulting from HPV infection can linger for months or years suggesting that HPV - presence goes unnoticed by the host immune system. If allowed to persist, the high-risk HPV types can result in malignant cellular transformation and eventual progression to invasive carcinoma. The importance of the immune system in clearing HPV infection is substantiated by studies involving immunocompromised individuals. HPV infection could evade the immune response through (1) suppression of immune mediators which direct the migration of immune cells to the site of infection, (2) inhibition of antigen presentation to immune cells, or (3) alteration of the function of immune cells. Histological studies of HPV-positive tissue reveal a lack of immune cells, particularly Langerhans cells (LCs) which function as the major antigen- presenting cells of epithelial tissue. Immature LCs take up residence in the epithelium; however, additional precursor cells can be recruited by cytokines and chemokines secreted by keratinocytes during inflammation. Macrophage inflammatory protein 3a (MIP-3a) functions as a potent chemoattractant of Langerhans precursor cells due to their selective expression of the receptor for MIP-3a.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Jan 01, 2005
- Accession Number
- ADA438139
Entities
People
- Jennifer L. Guess
Organizations
- Air Force Institute of Technology