Effects Based Operations (EBO)

Abstract

Several parts of an integrated decision aid for Effects Based Operations (EBO) were designed and implemented. These extensive improvements to the Capture the Flag (CtF) wargaming system included a new declarative executable action specification language (Tapir) and simulation definition language (Krill); improved models of morale and defeat (Defeat Mechanisms); and a semi-graphical Action Model language. Combined, these pieces help to create models that can be used to evaluate Courses of Action (COAs) for EBO and other military operations. Effects based reasoning requires models of effects. These must distinguish physical from behavioral effects and physical structures from mental ones. Many effects are hidden and cannot be measured directly, especially effects on mental structures and behaviors. While physical effects, such as dropping a bridge can be confirmed, effects on morale, courage, and other intentional states can only be inferred from observable indicators, and will generally be uncertain. The original CtF system modeled only physical force on force conflict. The new Action Models and Defeat Mechanisms provide CtF with a much broader range of measurable effects. Krill and Tapir make it possible to describe plans and actions declaratively, while also supporting Monte Carlo simulation for the measurement of uncertain, probabilistic and dynamical events.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 2005
Accession Number
ADA439840

Entities

People

  • Paul R. Cohen

Organizations

  • University of Massachusetts Amherst

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Cyber
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes
  • Sensors
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force
  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Attrition
  • Debugging
  • Grids
  • Language
  • Measurement
  • Military Operations
  • Military Tactics
  • Monte Carlo Method
  • Simulations
  • Simulators
  • Specifications
  • Standards
  • Three Dimensional
  • War Games
  • Warfare

Readers

  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Computational Modeling and Simulation
  • Military History / Militaries and War Studies

Technology Areas

  • AI & ML