Electrowetting-Based Driving of Liquid-Metal Droplet for Reliable RF Switching

Abstract

The basic idea of electrowetting-based driving of liquid-metal droplets at microscale is proven, using microfabricated prototypes. A detailed theory of our actuation mechanism is developed, and various experiments were performed to validate the theory and techniques developed to overcome the interface-charging problem. Based on the theoretical understanding, new devices are designed for integration with microwave circuits and actuation speeds better than 3.3 cm/s are demonstrated. Pursuing reduction of hysteresis for achieving high actuation speeds would be a good future topic beyond the current project. In the mean time, characterization of liquid-metal for high RF frequencies is performed experimentally, using a stationary (i.e., not actuated) mercury droplet in a RF electrode pattern designed for this testing purpose. Better than -25 dB isolation is provided. New devices are designed and simulated using HFSS to significantly lower the insertion loss. Based on the new design, devices are fabricated and measured results showed less than 0.15 dB insertion loss. The knowledge gained and results obtained in the project point to the liquid-metal droplet switch designs that can be fabricated and tested for RF performance.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 10, 2005
Accession Number
ADA441115

Entities

People

  • Chang-jim Kim
  • Ming C. Wu

Organizations

  • University of California, San Diego

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Sensors

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Air Force Research Laboratories
  • Electrodes
  • Electrowetting
  • Equations
  • Fluids
  • Frequency
  • Insertion Loss
  • Liquid Metals
  • Liquids
  • Losses
  • Microbalances
  • Microelectromechanical Systems
  • Microwaves
  • Models
  • Prototypes
  • Surface Tension
  • Switches

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Aerosol Science/Aerosol Physics
  • Electronics Engineering
  • Marine Propulsion Engineering and Naval Architecture