Degradation of Toxic Chemicals by Zero-Valent Metal Nanoparticles - A Literature Review

Abstract

The ultimate aim of researchers in the area of decontamination is to develop the perfect decontaminant - a substance that will degrade all contaminants but will leave surfaces and environments unharmed. Published research into zero-valent metal particles (ZVMs), in particular iron, shows that these particles, particularly those whose size is on the nanoscale, have the potential to be used as a decontaminant. This report examines the literature on nanoscale ZVMs, their potential use as decontaminants and ways to enhance their activity. Most of the research to date has looked at the reductive potential of ZVMs but it has been reported that zerovalent iron (ZVI) can actually catalyse oxidative degradation in a Fenton-type reaction. Thus this report also explores Fenton-type degradation of chemical warfare agents. The report also examines methods of incorporating nanoscale ZVM particles onto solid supports which may be useful for increasing the lifetime, activity and usability of the particles. Finally, possible challenges to developing ZVMs as a decontaminant are discussed.

Open PDF

Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2005
Accession Number
ADA443860

Entities

People

  • Lyndal Mcdowall

Organizations

  • Defence Science and Technology Group

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Ground and Sea Platforms
  • Weapons Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Alkenes
  • Chemical Reactants
  • Chemical Reaction Properties
  • Chemical Reactions
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemical Warfare
  • Chemical Warfare Agents
  • Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Metallic Nanoparticles
  • Nanoparticles
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Organic Compounds

Readers

  • Groundwater Contamination Remediation.
  • Quantum Dot Semiconductor Device Photonics and Graphene Optoelectronic Materials and THz Physics.
  • Systems Analysis and Design

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology
  • Biotechnology - Bioremediation