Mechanical Ventilation in Hypobaric Atmosphere - Aeromedical Transport of Critically Ill Patients

Abstract

Mechanical ventilation is used in most of the aeroevacuations of critically ill patients. Patients and mechanical ventilators suffer from variations in the environmental pressure, partial pressure of oxygen, humidity, luminosity, accelerations and vibrations. We describe briefly the history of Mechanical Ventilation and aeromedical transport: Vesalius was the first author to describe one method of ventilation with positive pressure; 400 years later the method was applied for the first time to a patient. Robert Hook in 1667 applied continuous flow ventilation to a dog. Woillez in 1876 made the first mechanical ventilator with negative pressure over the thorax, but the first iron lung was built in 1928 by Drinker and Shaw and later modified by Kroghs and Emerson. In 1955 the poliomyelitis epidemic was the main factor affecting the great success of the mechanical ventilation, with the device of the Emerson Company (Boston, Massachusetts) applying Mechanical Ventilation with positive pressure for the respiratory treatment of the patients affected by poliomyelitis. These innovations could represent the beginning of Mechanical Ventilation and possibly Critical Care treatment also.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Sep 01, 2004
Accession Number
ADA444905

Entities

People

  • A. Gil Heras
  • A. Hernandez Abadia De Barbara
  • F. Rios Tejada
  • J. A. Lopez Lopez

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
  • Aeromedical Evacuation
  • Air Transportation
  • Aircrafts
  • Airway Management
  • Atmospheres
  • Combat Casualty Care
  • Frequency
  • Ground Based
  • Health Services
  • High Altitude
  • Lung Diseases
  • Medical Personnel
  • Partial Pressure
  • Transport Ships
  • Ventilation
  • Wounds And Injuries

Readers

  • Cardiovascular Physiology
  • Mechanical Engineering/Mechanics of Materials.
  • Trauma or Military Medicine