Observations of Runoff Generation During the Dry/Wet Seasonal Transition in Panama

Abstract

During 2005, the P.I. and graduate students installed an extensive network of instrumentation near Gamboa, Panama, for the purpose of making observations of hydrologic and hydrometeorological parameters at the hillslope scale. Instrumentation installed include an eddy-correlation flux system on a 36 m tall tower near Cerro Pelado, and throughfall troughs, soil moisture sensors, rain gages, interflow collector, piezometers, and surface flow measurement. Fundamental hypotheses were tested regarding changes in runoff efficiency during the early wet season. Results indicate that at the Gamboa study site, soil water hydrophobicity plays an important role early in the wet season. As the wet season advances, the role of hydrophobicity is diminished, while groundwater levels rise, increasing the occurrence of saturation excess runoff. During the most extreme rainfall event observed (150 mm of rainfall in 24 hours on Christmas Day, 2005), runoff occurred from upland areas likely due to mechanisms other than the traditional saturation excess runoff mechanism. These might include short-term perched water table due to high-intensity rainfall given the significant vertical change in hydraulic conductivities in the soils at Gamboa.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 31, 2005
Accession Number
ADA447367

Entities

People

  • Fred L. Ogden

Organizations

  • University of Connecticut

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Abstracts
  • Conductivity
  • Data Analysis
  • Drainage Basins
  • Flow
  • Gages
  • Groundwater
  • Instrumentation
  • Measurement
  • Military Research
  • Observation
  • Precipitation
  • Rain Gages
  • Rainfall
  • Ridges
  • Statistics
  • Students

Fields of Study

  • Environmental science

Readers

  • Atmospheric Science/Meteorology
  • Geotechnical Engineering.
  • Urban Planning and Geography.