Electronic Surveillance Modernization Act, as Passed by the House of Representatives

Abstract

After the New York Times reported that the National Security Agency (NSA) was conducting a secret Terrorist Surveillance Program (TSP), a national debate emerged about whether the program was subject to the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA), whether the Administration needed additional authority to continue the program, and how and whether Congress should oversee the program. The TSP involved surveillance without a warrant or court order under FISA of international communications of persons within the United States, where one party to the communication is believed to be a member of al Qaeda, affiliated with al Qaeda, a member of an organization affiliated with al Qaeda, or working in support of al Qaeda. The Bush Administration asserted constitutional and statutory support for its program. While describing electronic surveillance under FISA as a valuable tool in combating terrorism, the Administration argued that it lacked the speed and agility to deal with such terrorists or terrorist groups. In a January 17, 2007, letter to Chairman Leahy and Senator Specter of the Senate Judiciary Committee, Attorney General Gonzales advised them that, on January 10, 2007, a Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (FISC) judge issued orders authorizing the Government to target for collection international communications into or out of the United States where there is probable cause to believe that one of the communicants is a member or agent of al Qaeda or an associated terrorist organization. In light of these orders, which will allow the necessary speed and agility, he stated that all surveillance previously occurring under the TSP will now be conducted subject to the approval of the FISC. He indicated further that the President has determined not to reauthorize the TSP when the current authorization expires. The NSA program has been challenged on legal and constitutional grounds.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 18, 2007
Accession Number
ADA462094

Entities

People

  • Elizabeth B. Bazan

Organizations

  • Library of Congress

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Antiterrorism
  • Congress
  • Employment
  • Government (Foreign)
  • Government Procurement
  • Governments
  • House Of Representatives
  • Intelligence Community (United States)
  • Law
  • Law Enforcement
  • Law Enforcement Officers
  • National Security
  • Supreme Court
  • Surveillance
  • United States
  • United States District Courts
  • United States Government

Fields of Study

  • Political science

Readers

  • Government and Public Administration Law.
  • Nuclear Non-Proliferation and International Security
  • Organizational Process Management (OPM).

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics