N-Variant Systems: A Secretless Framework for Security through Diversity

Abstract

We present an architectural framework for systematically using automated diversity to provide high assurance detection and disruption for large classes of attacks. The framework executes a set of automatically diversified variants on the same inputs, and monitors their behavior to detect divergences. The benefit of this approach is that it requires an attacker to simultaneously compromise all system variants with the same input. By constructing variants with disjoint exploitation sets, we can make it impossible to carry out large classes of important attacks. In contrast to previous approaches that use automated diversity for security, our approach does not rely on keeping any secrets. In this paper, we introduce the N-variant systems framework, present a model for analyzing security properties of N-variant systems, define variations that can be used to detect attacks that involve referencing absolute memory addresses and executing injected code, and describe and present performance results from a prototype implementation.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2006
Accession Number
ADA465219

Entities

People

  • Adrian Filipi
  • Anh Nguyen-tuong
  • Benjamin Cox
  • David Evans
  • Jack Davidson
  • Jason Hiser
  • John Knight
  • Jonathan Rowanhill
  • Wei Hu

Organizations

  • University of Virginia

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Cyber
  • Materials and Manufacturing Processes

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Code Injection
  • Computations
  • Computer Programming
  • Computer Programs
  • Computer Science
  • Computers
  • Computing System Architectures
  • Detection
  • Failure Mode And Effect Analysis
  • Fault Tolerance
  • Information Operations
  • Instruction Set Architecture
  • Operating Systems
  • Reliability
  • Security
  • System Software
  • Vulnerability

Fields of Study

  • Computer science

Readers

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  • Computational Linguistics
  • Systems Analysis and Design