Negative Impact of Article 98 Sanctions in the Western Hemisphere
Abstract
The U.S. Congress enacted the American Servicemembers' Protection Act (ASPA) on 2 August 2002 in response to the newly implemented 1998 Rome Treaty, which established the International Criminal Court (ICC), an international organization that for the first time in history asserts jurisdiction over nation states not party to the established treaty. As of 1 July 2003, the ASPA requires an Article 98 agreement with every country where U.S. Security Assistance Organizations (SAOs) have been established; countries not signing an Article 98 agreement are subject to security assistance sanctions, to include the loss of International Military Education and Training (IMET). Whereas ASPA Article 98 sanctions are applied worldwide, this Strategic Research Project (SRP) examines the current impact of these sanctions on Western Hemisphere countries. It argues that the U.S. Armed Forces will steadily lose their military interaction and influence with Western Hemisphere militaries to competing countries, such as the People's Republic of China, Russia, and Venezuela, primarily due to the lack of IMET funding. Presidential National Interest Waivers and recent decoupling of IMET from the sanctions are steps taken to correct legislation that had unintended consequences. Further actions are needed to stem the loss of influence.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Mar 30, 2007
- Accession Number
- ADA468956
Entities
People
- Robert D. Ruiz
Organizations
- United States Army War College