Development and Evaluation of New Products for the Far-Forward Care of Combat Casualities With Acute Lung Injury
Abstract
The principal objective for this phase of the study was to develop a new method of delivering chlorine gas for inhalation injury in sheep. Secondary objectives included the following: to assess the utility of the Suffolk breed of sheep for studies of inhalation injury; to demonstrate Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) imaging of the trachea and bronchi following inhalation of chlorine, and to demonstrate Near-Infrared Diffuse Optical Spectroscopy (NIRS-DOS) monitoring of sheep following chlorine inhalation injury. HYPOTHESIS: Inhalation injury can be reliably produced by means of inhalation of chlorine gas by mechanical ventilation. RESULTS: Two hours following ventilation with 100 or 150 ppm chlorine in air, 300 liters total volume over 30 min, the mean+-SD PaO2-to-FIO2 ratio was 110+-47 and the mean+-SD survival time was 37+-39 hrs. All animals developed acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) by 2 hrs. after injury. Suffolk appeared to be more vulnerable to injury than the crossbred sheep previously used. OCT imaging showed minimal changes in the tracheal and bronchial mucosa and submucosa, consistent with the predominantly alveolar-capillary membrane level of this injury. NIRS-DOS showed decreases in tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) with injury. CONCLUSION: Delivery of chlorine by mechanical ventilation reliably caused ARDS in all animals studied. OCT was an excellent way to image the large airways non-invasively. NIRS-DOS enabled non invasive measurement of StO2.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Feb 01, 2007
- Accession Number
- ADA472924
Entities
People
- Andriy I. Batchinsky
- Brack Hattler
- Leopoldo C. Cancio