New Tools for the Study of Combustion Chemistry and Complex Gas-Surface Interactions from First Principles

Abstract

Molecular and radical chemisorption on ferroelectric oxides and on metals (Rh, Cu, Pt, Al, Pd, Ag) was studied with first-principles density functional theory (DFT). New methods were developed for computing the chemisorption energies of molecules to surfaces accurately within DFT. Oxide-supported metals were modeled as well, examining how oxide-metal bonding affects metal surface chemistry. Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations were performed on diatomic and polyatomic molecules, establishing the capability of computing atomic forces in molecules with QMC. Intermolecular interactions resulting from high molecular coverage were analyzed to understand saturation coverage. A direct dynamics approach was developed for computing the infrared emission signatures of combustion products, including vibrationally excited radicals and closed-shell molecules. The emission spectrum of vinyl radical C2H3 was computed and compared with recent experiments. It was demonstrated that molecular radicals stabilize ferroelectric polarization in BaTiO3 nanowires and PbTiO(sub-3) thin films. It was found that metal monolayers are significantly influenced by ferroelectric oxide supports, opening the possibility of "switchable nanocatalysts."

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Oct 06, 2007
Accession Number
ADA473091

Entities

People

  • Andrew M Rappe

Organizations

  • University of Pennsylvania

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Advanced Electronics
  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Chemistry
  • Combustion Products
  • Computational Chemistry Methods
  • Computational Science
  • Density Functional Theory
  • Emission Spectra
  • Films
  • First Principles Calculations
  • Gas Surface Interactions
  • Materials
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Materials Testing
  • Physical Chemistry
  • Polyatomic Molecules
  • Surface Chemistry
  • Thin Films

Fields of Study

  • Chemistry
  • Physics

Readers

  • Electrochemical Engineering/ Fuel Cell Technologies
  • Materials Science and Engineering.
  • Quantum Chemistry

Technology Areas

  • Quantum Computing