Miniaturized Mercury Ion Clock for Ultra-Stable Deep Space Applications

Abstract

We have recently completed a prototype ion-clock physics package based on Hg ions shuttled between a quadrupole and a 16-pole rf trap. With this architecture, we have demonstrated short-term stability ~2-3x10(exp-13) at 1 second, averaging to 10(exp-15) at 1 day. This development shows that H-maser quality stabilities can be produced in a small clock package, comparable in size to an ultra-stable quartz oscillator required for holding 1-2x 10(exp-13) at 1 second. This performance was obtained in a sealed vacuum configuration, where only a getter pump was used to maintain vacuum. The vacuum tube containing the traps has now been under sealed vacuum conditions for nearly 1.5 years with no measurable degradation of ion trapping lifetimes or clock short-term performance. Because the tube is sealed, the Hg source and Neon buffer gas are held indefinitely, for the life of the tube. There is no consumption of Hg in this system, unlike in a Cs beam tube where the lifetime is often limited by Cs depletion. This approach to the vacuum follows the methods used in flight vacuum tube electronics, such as flight TWTA's where tube operation lifetime and shelf life of up to 15 years is achieved. We use neon as a buffer gas with 2-3 times less pressure induced frequency pulling than traditional helium and, being heavier, negligible diffusion losses will occur over the operation lifetime.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Jan 01, 2007
Accession Number
ADA474259

Entities

People

  • John D. Prestage
  • Lawrence Lim
  • Sang Chung
  • Thanh Le

Organizations

  • California Institute of Technology

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Space

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Artificial Satellites
  • Charge Transfer
  • Deep Space
  • Electron Tubes
  • Frequency
  • Frequency Shift
  • Frequency Standards
  • Jet Propulsion
  • Measurement
  • Operating Systems
  • Physics
  • Space Navigation
  • Spacecraft
  • Standards
  • Time Intervals
  • Traveling Wave Tubes
  • Traveling Waves

Fields of Study

  • Physics

Readers

  • Electronics Engineering
  • Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) Technology.
  • Pulsed Power and Plasma Physics.

Technology Areas

  • Microelectronics
  • Microelectronics - Microelectromechanical Systems
  • Space
  • Space - Hall-Effect Thruster