Differences in Clothing Insulation Determined with the Parallel and Serial Methods
Abstract
This paper examines the fundamental differences between the parallel and serial methods for calculation of clothing insulation and demonstrates the differences in the insulation values calculated using these two methods. The parallel method is based on the assumption that manikin surface temperatures were uniform (UST) while the serial method is based on the assumption that manikin heat fluxes were uniform (UHF). Eleven clothing ensembles were evaluated on manikins in UST mode. Three of them were further evaluated on manikins in UHF mode. Insulation values were then calculated using both the serial and parallel methods. Results from UST mode showed that the parallel insulations ranged from 1.24 to 5.79 clo while the serial insulations ranged from 1.43 to 7.98 clo. Differences in the parallel and serial insulations increased as the insulation increased, and the serial insulations were approximately 14-38% higher than the parallel insulations. Results from UHF mode showed that the parallel insulations were 1.30 to 5.89 clo and close to the serial insulations of 0.34 to 5.99 clo. In conclusion, only the parallel method should be used when manikins are operated in UST mode and only the serial method should be used when manikins are operated in UHF mode.
Document Details
- Document Type
- Technical Report
- Publication Date
- Aug 01, 2007
- Accession Number
- ADA474465
Entities
People
- Julio Gonzalez
- Reed Hoyt
- Thomas Endrusick
- William Santee
- Xiaojiang Xu
Organizations
- United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine