Neurotoxin Mitigation

Abstract

Organophosphorus esters (OP) are highly toxic poisons used as chemical nerve agents and as pesticides. It is generally agreed that the toxicity from high dose OP exposure involves inhibition of acetyl cholinesterase. The role of other proteins in the toxicity of OP is unknown. Our hypothesis is that several proteins become modified after exposure to OP and that the biological actions of OP are not explained by inhibition of acetylcholinesterase alone. We are using mass spectrometry to identify proteins modified by exposure to OP. A new motif for OP binding is beginning to emerge from our work. We are seeing a pattern of covalent OP binding to tyrosine where the tyrosine is adjacent to an arginine or lysine. We have identified tyrosine 411 on the surface of human albumin and tyrosine 238 of human transferrin as OP-binding sites. Our results are relevant to diagnosis of OP exposure. The mass spectrometry methods we have developed are rapid and simple, but expensive. The new information from our mass spectrometry results can be used to develop antibody based dipstick assays to diagnose OP exposure.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2007
Accession Number
ADA476755

Entities

People

  • Steven H. Hinrichs

Organizations

  • University of Nebraska Medical Center

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Biomedical And Dental Materials
  • Blood Proteins
  • Carrier Proteins
  • Chemical Synthesis
  • Chemistry
  • Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Liquid Chromatography
  • Mass Spectrometry
  • Medical Personnel
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Polymeric Films
  • Proteins
  • Proteomics

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry
  • Neurotoxicology
  • Systems Analysis and Design