Biological Templating and the Production of Functional Fibers

Abstract

Biology offers several advantages over traditional systems for the construction of novel materials. These include self-assembly, template-directed assembly, replication, molecular diversity, and the ability to screen and select from amidst this diversity. To harness the inherent advantages of biological systems, they must be interfaced with non-biological materials. Constructing these interfaces has been difficult because electrical/mechanical/optical systems have typically not been designed to accommodate the aqueous biochemistry of living systems. Recent research studies reported from the Belcher lab (Flynn, 2003; Mao, 2004; and Nam, 2006) demonstrate that this shortcoming can be overcome by utilizing genetically controlled proteins as templates to mineralize metals and inorganic materials at room temperature. In addition, fibers can be made from genetically controlled proteins in aqueous environments (Arcidiacono, 2002). Potentially, these genetically controlled peptides can mineralize inorganic or metallic particles at the surface of these fibers. Current, manufacturing of metallic or metallic-coated fibers requires high temperature and pressure processes, which are environmentally unfriendly and costly. These biological materials could open a new synthesis route to manufacture multifunctional fibers. In this paper, we will introduce the application of a genetically controlled filamentous bacteriophage in fabrication of functional fibers. New optical and semi-conducting fibers are envisioned in addition to catalysts, energy storage and generation technologies.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Nov 01, 2006
Accession Number
ADA481860

Entities

People

  • Angela Belcher
  • Charlene M. Mello
  • Chung-yi Chiang
  • Jiji Gu

Organizations

  • United States Army Soldier Systems Center

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Biomedical

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Assembly
  • Bacteriophages
  • Chemistry
  • Construction
  • Engineering
  • Fabrication
  • Fiber Spinning
  • Genetic Engineering
  • Inorganic Materials
  • Manufacturing
  • Materials
  • Materials Processing
  • Materials Science
  • Metallic Nanoparticles
  • Nanoparticles
  • Virion
  • Viruses

Readers

  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Nanocomposite Materials Science

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology