Selenium Potentiates Chemotherapeutic Selectivity: Improving Efficacy and Reducing Toxicity

Abstract

In mice, selenium in the form of seleno-L-methionine was reported to have two effects 1) to enhance efficacy of cancer therapeutics against cancer cells; and 2) to protect bone marrow and gut epithelium from dose-limiting toxicity. We are exploring the mechanism whereby selenium can have differential effects on cancer cells versus normal cells. A key genetic alteration in cancer is p53 mutation. About 70% of all human cancers are mutant i.e. defective in p53, while bone marrow and other normal tissues are functional for p53. P53 is known to protect normal cells by a DNA repair mechanism. Cancer cells lack the DNA repair mechanism and are predicted to be sensitive to chemotherapy. A DNA repair protein that is controlled by p53 is Xpc. Thus, wildtype, p53-/-, or xpc-/- mice were used to test the hypothesis that 1) selenium evoked a DNA repair and protective response in wildtype cells including bone marrow; and 2) DNA repair was defective in cells deleted for p53 or xpc genes and these cells including cancer cells would not be protected.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2008
Accession Number
ADA489923

Entities

People

  • Joshua L. Fischer

Organizations

  • Indiana University

Tags

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Blood
  • Blood Cells
  • Bone Marrow
  • Bone Marrow Cells
  • Bones
  • Cancer
  • Cell Physiological Processes
  • Cells
  • Chemistry
  • Chemotherapy
  • Leukocytes
  • Medical Personnel
  • Neoplasms
  • Proteins
  • Selenium
  • Stem Cells

Fields of Study

  • Biology
  • Chemistry

Readers

  • Molecular and Cellular Biology
  • Nuclear and Radiation Engineering.
  • Oncology (Cancer Research).

Technology Areas

  • Biotechnology