From Guerillas to Peacekeepers: The Evolution of the Rwandan Defense Forces

Abstract

Originating in response to the divisive legacy of colonialism, the Rwandan Defense Forces (RDF) have been shaped by a unique and turbulent history on their way to becoming one of modern Africa's most capable and successful militaries. Rwanda, among the smallest countries in Africa, became the first nation in 2004 to deploy peacekeeping forces in support of the Darfur crisis. As of March 2008, there were more than 3,500 Rwandan Soldiers deployed to the Darfur region of Sudan in support of the now joint United Nations (UN) and African Union (AU) mission. Unlike some of the military forces that have supported UN and AU efforts, Rwanda's Soldiers have generally reported to peacekeeping commands well-equipped, well-lead, and well-disciplined. For a small, interior country just 14 years past suffering a 4-year revolutionary war that culminated in one of the most shocking genocides in modern history, Rwanda's military progress is striking. Stretching beyond independence from Belgium in 1962, the disruptive subject of Rwandan ethnicity has been a central source of influence in the development of today's Rwandan Defense Forces. Amidst this strife, founders of the RDF institutionalized a form of disciplined and adaptive warfare to rid Rwanda of divisive influence and re-establish the military as a source of protection and pride for the entire country. In recent years, the RDF has developed into a highly capable and respected conventional military that continues to promote social unity and safeguard Rwandan society. Though not without mistakes and criticisms, the unique and proven record of the RDF demonstrates a proficiency and professional competence, placing it among the best of Africa's contemporary armed forces. Rapidly progressing from a heritage of exile, revolution, and genocide, the RDF now represents a uniquely talented, professional military organization, and one of Africa's best resources to resolve conflicts similar to the one it currently faces in Darfur.

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Document Details

Document Type
Technical Report
Publication Date
Apr 01, 2008
Accession Number
ADA490564

Entities

People

  • Robert B. Rehder Jr.

Organizations

  • Marine Corps University

Tags

Communities of Interest

  • Air Platforms
  • Autonomy
  • Biomedical
  • Energy and Power Technologies
  • Human Systems

DTIC Thesaurus Topics

  • Africa
  • Agreements
  • Civil Defense
  • Civil War
  • Ethnic Groups
  • Governments
  • Human Rights
  • International Law
  • Marine Corps
  • Military History
  • Military Organizations
  • Military Science
  • New York
  • Revolutions
  • Terrorists
  • United States
  • Warfare

Readers

  • International Relations and Conflict Resolution
  • Military History of the United States in the 20th Century.
  • Systems Analysis and Design